National Library of Medicine: PubMed
http://www.pubmed.gov
PubMed is a free resource provided by the National Library of Medicine (“PubMed Help,” 2012). PubMed contains multiple databases, including MEDLINE, the national database containing millions of medical and life sciences journals (“PubMed Help,” 2012; U.S. National Library of Medicine [NLM], 2011). HIV/AIDS background and foreground information, in addition to best-practice guides and systematic reviews. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) created and updates the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) for searching. In order to find appropriate terms, type what you are looking for into the search box, and change the drop-down option to MeSH.
References
PubMed Help [webpage]. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3827/ #pubmedhelp.PubMed_Quick_Start
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2011). Fact Sheet: Medline. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/medline.html
PubMed is a free resource provided by the National Library of Medicine (“PubMed Help,” 2012). PubMed contains multiple databases, including MEDLINE, the national database containing millions of medical and life sciences journals (“PubMed Help,” 2012; U.S. National Library of Medicine [NLM], 2011). HIV/AIDS background and foreground information, in addition to best-practice guides and systematic reviews. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) created and updates the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) for searching. In order to find appropriate terms, type what you are looking for into the search box, and change the drop-down option to MeSH.
References
PubMed Help [webpage]. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3827/ #pubmedhelp.PubMed_Quick_Start
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2011). Fact Sheet: Medline. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/medline.html
Search Process
The search conducted on NLM's PubMed website was to get general information about HIV/AIDS, specifically about African American women and children. HIV, the MeSH term, was used within the Clinical Queries search bar. The results were categorized into the following columns:
Under the clinical study categories column, results were narrowed by using the drop-down option and selecting articles under etiology, diagnosis, therapy, and clinical prediction guides.
The MeSH term Pregnancy was added to the etiology search of core clinical journals in order to focus the results on articles about HIV during pregnancy. In the therapy and clinical prediction guides categories of clinical query searches, the string added the keywords “pregnancy,” “mothers,” “children,” OR “women” to the string with the AND Boolean operator. This narrowed results to 1485 and 213, respectively. Results were limited through the use of displaying results with the keywords in the titles. Searches were also restricted to the most recent two years, English only, core clinical journals and nursing journals, and to meta-analyses and systematic reviews.
Under the Topic Specific Queries, there were lists of various ways to search, including the Clinical Queries. The following categories were searched:
i. Comparative Effectiveness Research
ii. Health Services Research (HSR) Queries
When I searched under Comparative Effectiveness Research, I used the string
(HIV AND (Pregnancy OR Pregnant Women))
This was then combined with the following:
AND (((randomized controlled trial [pt] OR clinical trial, phase iii [pt] OR clinical trial, phase iv [pt] OR clinicaltrials.gov [si] OR isrctn [si] OR randomized controlled trials as topic [mh]) OR (clinical trial [pt] AND (((single [tw] OR double [tw] OR doubleblind [tw] OR doubleblinded [tw] OR treble [tw] OR triple [tw]) AND (blind [tw] OR blinded [tw] OR mask [tw] OR masked [tw] OR masks [tw] OR sham [tw] OR shams [tw] OR dummy [tw])) OR (random [tw] OR randomise [tw] OR randomize [tw] OR randomised [tw] OR randomized [tw] OR rct [tw] OR rcts [tw] OR single-blind method [mh] OR double-blind method [mh] OR random allocation [mh]))) AND ((comparative study [pt] OR compare [tw] OR compares [tw] OR compared [tw] OR compared [tw] OR comparing [tw] OR comparison [tw] OR comparative [tw] OR effective [tw] OR effectiveness [tw] OR versus [ti] OR vs [ti]) OR (activities of daily living [mh] OR benefit [tw] OR benefits [tw] OR budgets [mh] OR chronic disease [mh] OR clinical trials data monitoring committees [mh] OR cognitive function [tw] OR ec [sh] OR death [mh] OR diffusion of innovation [mh] OR discharge [tw] OR economics, pharmaceutical [mh] OR evidence based practice [mh] OR functional status [tw] OR guideline adherence [mh] OR harm [tw] OR harms [tw] OR health services research [mh] OR health status [mh] OR hospitalization [mh] OR interventions [tw] OR life expectancy [mh] OR longevity [mh] OR models, statistical [mh] OR models, theoretical [mh:noexp] OR morbidity [mh] OR mortality [mh] OR noninferior [tw] OR noninferiority [tw] OR outcome and process assessment [mh] OR outcome [tw] OR outcomes [tw] OR patient compliance [mh] OR postoperative care [mh] OR postoperative complications [mh] OR product surveillance, postmarketing [mh] OR propensity score [tw] OR quality-adjusted life years [mh] OR quality of life [mh] OR recovery of function [mh] OR recurrence [mh] OR relapse [tw]OR remission [tw] OR reoperation [mh] OR risk [tw] OR risk management [mh] OR survival analysis [mh] OR survival rate [mh] OR technology assessment, biomedical [mh] OR trial [ti] OR trials [ti]))) OR clinical effectiveness [tw]) NOT systematic [sb] , Hits: 490
i. These results were very relevant.
c. The next search under HSR Queries (and with “Appropriateness” marked) was (HIV AND (Pregnancy OR Pregnant Women) AND African American) AND (inappropriate[tiab] OR records[mh]), Hits 4. Good precision; very bad recall. The term “African American” was removed and results improved to 141 results. There were fewer that matched the aim of the resource guide; however, there were some good results.
A bibliography located here is the compilation of relevant results.
Results were evaluated for their contribution to the objectives of the resource guide and do not represent all available materials.
- Clinical Study Categories -This column contains drug trials, tests, and clinical assessments.
- Systematic Reviews -This column has reviews of multiple subjects, including treatments, social research, and the role of physical activity in the lives of patients infected with HIV.
- Medical Genetics -This column lists research on the effect genetics plays on symptoms and treatment of HIV and AIDS virus.
Under the clinical study categories column, results were narrowed by using the drop-down option and selecting articles under etiology, diagnosis, therapy, and clinical prediction guides.
The MeSH term Pregnancy was added to the etiology search of core clinical journals in order to focus the results on articles about HIV during pregnancy. In the therapy and clinical prediction guides categories of clinical query searches, the string added the keywords “pregnancy,” “mothers,” “children,” OR “women” to the string with the AND Boolean operator. This narrowed results to 1485 and 213, respectively. Results were limited through the use of displaying results with the keywords in the titles. Searches were also restricted to the most recent two years, English only, core clinical journals and nursing journals, and to meta-analyses and systematic reviews.
Under the Topic Specific Queries, there were lists of various ways to search, including the Clinical Queries. The following categories were searched:
i. Comparative Effectiveness Research
ii. Health Services Research (HSR) Queries
When I searched under Comparative Effectiveness Research, I used the string
(HIV AND (Pregnancy OR Pregnant Women))
This was then combined with the following:
AND (((randomized controlled trial [pt] OR clinical trial, phase iii [pt] OR clinical trial, phase iv [pt] OR clinicaltrials.gov [si] OR isrctn [si] OR randomized controlled trials as topic [mh]) OR (clinical trial [pt] AND (((single [tw] OR double [tw] OR doubleblind [tw] OR doubleblinded [tw] OR treble [tw] OR triple [tw]) AND (blind [tw] OR blinded [tw] OR mask [tw] OR masked [tw] OR masks [tw] OR sham [tw] OR shams [tw] OR dummy [tw])) OR (random [tw] OR randomise [tw] OR randomize [tw] OR randomised [tw] OR randomized [tw] OR rct [tw] OR rcts [tw] OR single-blind method [mh] OR double-blind method [mh] OR random allocation [mh]))) AND ((comparative study [pt] OR compare [tw] OR compares [tw] OR compared [tw] OR compared [tw] OR comparing [tw] OR comparison [tw] OR comparative [tw] OR effective [tw] OR effectiveness [tw] OR versus [ti] OR vs [ti]) OR (activities of daily living [mh] OR benefit [tw] OR benefits [tw] OR budgets [mh] OR chronic disease [mh] OR clinical trials data monitoring committees [mh] OR cognitive function [tw] OR ec [sh] OR death [mh] OR diffusion of innovation [mh] OR discharge [tw] OR economics, pharmaceutical [mh] OR evidence based practice [mh] OR functional status [tw] OR guideline adherence [mh] OR harm [tw] OR harms [tw] OR health services research [mh] OR health status [mh] OR hospitalization [mh] OR interventions [tw] OR life expectancy [mh] OR longevity [mh] OR models, statistical [mh] OR models, theoretical [mh:noexp] OR morbidity [mh] OR mortality [mh] OR noninferior [tw] OR noninferiority [tw] OR outcome and process assessment [mh] OR outcome [tw] OR outcomes [tw] OR patient compliance [mh] OR postoperative care [mh] OR postoperative complications [mh] OR product surveillance, postmarketing [mh] OR propensity score [tw] OR quality-adjusted life years [mh] OR quality of life [mh] OR recovery of function [mh] OR recurrence [mh] OR relapse [tw]OR remission [tw] OR reoperation [mh] OR risk [tw] OR risk management [mh] OR survival analysis [mh] OR survival rate [mh] OR technology assessment, biomedical [mh] OR trial [ti] OR trials [ti]))) OR clinical effectiveness [tw]) NOT systematic [sb] , Hits: 490
i. These results were very relevant.
c. The next search under HSR Queries (and with “Appropriateness” marked) was (HIV AND (Pregnancy OR Pregnant Women) AND African American) AND (inappropriate[tiab] OR records[mh]), Hits 4. Good precision; very bad recall. The term “African American” was removed and results improved to 141 results. There were fewer that matched the aim of the resource guide; however, there were some good results.
A bibliography located here is the compilation of relevant results.
Results were evaluated for their contribution to the objectives of the resource guide and do not represent all available materials.
Updated 2012 by Peace Ossom